Study Material

Sr. No.

Name of International Organization

Year of Establishment

Headquarter/Secretariat

Purpose

1

United Nations (UN)

24^th October, 1945

New York

The main objective of the United Nations to make the world a better place to live in by maintaining peace and security all over the world.

Structure of the United Nations (UN)-

1.    General Assembly Headquarter-New York

2.    Security Council Headquarter-New York

3.    The Economic and Social Council
Headquarter-New York

4.    Trusteeship Council Headquarter-New York

5.    International Court of Justice

Headquarter- Hague in Holland

2.

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

8^th December, 1985

Kathmandu (Nepal)

The SAARC seeks to promote the welfare of the people of south Asia, strengthen collective self reliance, promote active collaboration and mutual assistance in various fields, and cooperate with international and regional organization.  

3

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

4^th April, 1949

Brussels (Belgium)

It holds 28 members countries, with its main purpose to defend each other from the possibility of communist Soviet Union attack and taking control of their nations.

4

The Commonwealth Nations

1947

Having 50 member countries, it was formed after the British began its process of decolonization and the creation of independent states from former colonies, there arose a need for an organization of countries formerly part of the pre-British ruled empire.

5

OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)

14^th November, 1960

Vienna (Austria)

It was formed for controlling the production and pricing of crude oil in the world.

6

INTERPOLE

1923

Lyons (France)

 The Interpole’s purpose is to help countries work together to investigate international crime and bring offenders to prosecution.

The Interpole three main work wings, they being areas-crisis response team, event security and crime prevention.

7

EU (European Union)

1957

Brussels (Belgium)

It is an economic union of 27 European countries to promote greater social, political and economic harmony among the nations of western Europe. The European Union reason that interdependence is less likely to raise conflicts. 

8

G-8 Countries

It is a group of eight countries, which are the world’s richest industrialized nations, including Italy, Canada, USA, UK, Japan, Germany, France and Russia.

Sr. No.

Name of UN Agency

Year of Establishment

Headquarters

Purpose

1

ILO

(International Labour Organization)

1919

Geneva

To promote social justice, improve conditions and living standard of workers and promote economic stability.

2

(IAEA)

International Atomic Energy Agency

1957

Vienna

To promote peaceful use of atomic energy.

3

(FAO)

Food & Agriculture Organization

1945

Rome

To raise nutritional level, living standards production and distribution of food and agricultural product, improving living conditions of rural population.

4

(UNESCO)

United Nations Educational Scientific & Cultural Organization

1946

Paris

To promote collaboration among nations through education, science and culture in order to further justice, human rights and freedom.

5

WHO

(World Health Organization)

1948

Geneva

The attainment of the highest possible level of health by all people of the world.

6

IBRD

(International Bank For Reconstruction)

1945

Washington

For development of economics of members by facilitating investment of capital and foreign investment, through provision of loans.  

7

WMO

(World Meteorological Organization)

1950

Geneva

To promote international exchange of weather reports and other weather-related services.

8

IMO

(International Maritime Organization)

1958

London

Promotes cooperation on technical matters of maritime safety, navigation and encourages anti-pollution measures.

9

UNICEF

(United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund)

1946

New York

Children’s welfare all over the world.

10

UNHCR

(United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees)

1950

Geneva

It provides for international protection to refugees.

11

IFC

(International Finance Corporation)

1955

Washington

To promote economic development by encouraging private enterprise in its member countries.

12

IMF

(International Monetary Fund)

1945

Washington

Promotes international monetary co-operation and expansion of international trade

13

ITU

(International Telecommunication Union)

1947

Geneva

Sets international regulations for radio, telegraph, telephone and space radio communication.

14

UNRWA

(United Nations Relief & Work For Palestine Refugees In The North East)

1949

New York

Provides food, health services, education vocational training for those displaced in the Arab-Israel war.

15

ICAO

(International Civil Aviation Organization)

1947

Montreal

Promotes safety of international aviation and established international standards and regulations.

16

GATT

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

(From 1995 it is known as WTO)

1948-1994

Geneva

Treaty setting rules for world trade, to reduce tariffs and other barriers to international trade, now stands dissolved.

17

UNDP

(United Nations Development Program)

1965

New York

Help developing countries increase the wealth producing capabilities resources.

18

UNFPA

(United Nations Funds For Population Activities)

1967

New York

Promote population related programs.

19

UNIDO

(United Nations Industrial Development Organization)

1967

Vienna

To extend assistance to developing countries for development and modernization of industries.

20

UPU

(Universal Postal Union)

1947

Berne

Improves various postal services and promotes international collaboration.

21

UNITAR

(United Nations Institute For Training & Research)

1965

New York

Provides high priority training and projects to help facilitate the UN research objective of world peace and security, and of economic and social progress.

22

UNCTAD

(United Nations Conference On Trade And Development)

1964

Geneva

Promote international trade with a view to accelerate economic growth of developing countries.

23

UNEP

(United Nations Environment Programme)

1972

Nairobi

It promotes international cooperation in matters relating to human environment.